ПОСТАТІ АПОСТОЛІВ-КИГИЧІВ В ІСТОРІЇ СЛОБІДСЬКОЇ УКРАЇНИ XVIII СТ.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the history of the Apostol-Kygych dynasty and their role in the life of Slobidska Ukraine of the XVIII century. The ancestor of the dynasty Philip Petrovich Apostol-Kygych, who belonged to the Wallachian nobility, enlisted in the army of Peter I. In 1718 he received Russian citizenship and was awarded estates in the settlements of Pina, Zlodiyivka, and Ugroidy Sumy Sloboda Cossack Regiment. Having received lands with the population living there, he began to pursue an anti-people policy. He ruthlessly exploited not only dependent peasants but also began to seize land plots of registered Cossacks. At the same time, representatives of local authorities were on the side of Philip Apostol-Kygych and other emigrants of Wallachian origin, who were on military service in the Russian Empire and were in a privileged position. This is evidenced by the resolution of the Russian Empress Anna Ioannovna of August 25, 1740, which allowed the Wallachians, Greek Serbs, and other foreigners who entered the civil service to buy land, but with the condition of preventing conflicts with the local population. This document legalized the possibility for such persons as members of the Apostol-Kygych family not only to freely buy land, to shade the local peasant and Cossack population, despite the reservations set out in the above-mentioned resolution. The next Russian Empress Elizabeth Petrovna issued personal decrees of May 21 and July 3, 1742, which forbade the enslavement of immigrants from Ukraine. The latter could only voluntarily become citizens of the Russian landlords. The above-mentioned decrees could not stop the confrontation between the Cossack population of Pina and the family of the Apostol-Kygych. Such conflicts were investigated by the Sumy Regiment Chancellery, which later pleaded not guilty to one of the members of Captain Peter's family. Later, the descendants of the Apostol-Kygych family continued to oppress the local population by indulging the local authorities, which in some cases used troops to suppress peasant-Cossack demonstrations in Sloboda Ukraine.