КАЗАХСКОЕ ХАНСТВО И МОГУЛИСТАН В XV – НАЧАЛЕ XVI В.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the relationship between the Kazakh Khanate and Moghulistan in the 15th - early 16th centuries.In the historical literature, the Turkic-speaking tribes who lived in the XIII-XVII centuries were called moguls in the eastern part of the Chagatai ulus. In the middle of the XIV century Mogul tribes formed the state of Moghulistan, which included the territory of modern South-East Kazakhstan (Zhetysu), Kyrgyzstan and East Turkestan (XUAR of the PRC), Tashkent and Sairam. The early history of the Kazakh Khanate is also closely connected with the history of Moghulistan.The main source for the study of the relationship between the Kazakh Khanate and Mogulistan in the 15th - early 16th centuries is the famous historical work of Muslim historiography «Tarikh-i Rashidi», which written by the famous historian and Mogul politician Mirza Mohammed Khaidar from the Duglat (Dulat) tribe. His information was supplemented by materials from other Muslim historical works and compared with the results of special scientific research. Based on the analysis of historical materials, the author comes to the conclusion that the relationship between the Kazakh Khanate and Mogulistan in the 15th - early 16th centuries was peaceful and good-neighborly. For a long time, Kazakhs and Moguls even jointly opposed political opponents, until at the end of the 15th century a conflict arose between their rulers, which began to be settled at the beginning of the 16th century. However, the complete victory of Muhammad Sheibani Khan over the rulers of Mogul Sultan Mahmud Khan and Sultan Ahmad Khan in 1503 led to the fall of the Mogulstan. As a result, a significant land part of the Mogulistan became part of the Kazakh Khanate, the Mogul tribes remaining in this territory joined the Kazakh people, becoming one of its significant ethnic components.