Abstract
Based on the report on the activities of free public libraries in the Perm province, the article examines the activities of public libraries that existed in Russia in the late XIX — early XX centuries. The growth in the number of people’s libraries did not lead to a noticeable increase in their activity indicators. It is concluded that the initiatives of zemstvo figures in the regions contributed to the opening of many zemstvo libraries. This era is characterized by the rise of the social movement in the field of librarianship. The main driving force was the zemstvos and city dumas, which took on the burden of maintaining public and public libraries opened in Russia and in the Perm province, which functioned with the aim of educating urban and rural residents.
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