Рост городов и городская полиция на Урале в конце XIX – начале XX века

Abstract

The relevance of the research for domestic science lies in the fact that despite an in-depth study of the Ural city police institution, no synthesis papers about it still exist. The research focuses on the development of the city police institution of the Ural region, starting with the police reform in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The aim of the study is to investigate the development of police bodies in the cities of the Urals in close relationship with the processes of imperial modernization. The objectives are as follows: to consider the attempts of the central authorities to strengthen the city police in connection with the reform of 1887, which spanned from the late 80s to the early 90s; to analyze the 1906 city police reform. The base methodology is the theory of Russian modernization proposed by B.N. Mironov. The "classical" and mathematical methods of historical science were selected to carry out the study. It was concluded that the process of increasing both the bureaucratic and the lower ranks of the police had a spasmodic character, which is why it did not always correspond to the rapidly growing population. Secondly, reforms aimed at increasing the classroom composition of the police were extremely inconsistent. Thirdly, from 1887 to 1906, there was a significant increase, primarily in the lower-rank police force, which the government viewed as a support in the fight against political unrest. At the same time, individual cities had their own characteristics, so in the city of Vyatka, due to the relatively slow growth of the population, there was no increase in class ranks since 1863, and in Ufa, on the contrary, due to a particularly rapid growth of the population from 1897 to 1906, the relative number of the power ranks of police decreased even when compared with that on the eve of the 1887 reform