СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК МУЗЕЙНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ПРОСТО НЕБА НА УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ЗЕМЛЯХ (КІНЕЦЬ XIX – 80-ті рр. XX ст.)

Abstract

The purpose of the article is connected with the consideration of the main tendencies of formation and development of open-air museum institutions in the territory of Ukraine from the late 19th century to the 80’s of the 20th century, as well as the definition of the stages of their evolution. The research methodology was based on the application of the following methods: source-finding and analysis of the main publications on the topic, whose purpose was to find out the level of scientific development of the problem; terminological analysis, with the help of which the basic concepts were specified; the historical method, which allowed for the identification of the main stages of formation and development of open-air museum institutions (skansens) in the territory of Ukraine; the comparative method was used to find out the characteristics of the various stages of formation and development of open-air museum institutions; the method of theoretical generalization was used to form conclusions. The scientific novelty of the work consists in an attempt to generalize the experience of the predecessors concerning this problem and provide a comprehensive picture of evolution of open-air museums in the territory of Ukraine. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, the general tendencies of development of open-air museum institutions in the territory of Ukraine were established and three basic stages of their formation were distinguished: the first stage – the late 19th century – 1939; the second – 1944 – the 80’s of the 20th century; the third – 1991 – present time. The basic features of formation and evolution of skansens within the corresponding periods till 1991 were revealed.