Влияние аллелейVrn-B1aиVrn-B1cна продолжительность фаз развития замещенных и изогенных линий мягкой пшеницы

Abstract

The influence of Vrn-B1a and Vrn-B1c alleles on the length of developmental phases in lines of winter cv. Sava with intervarietal substitution of chromosomes 5B and near-isogenic lines (NILs) with these loci in the genetic background of winter cv. Bezostaya 1 is studied. We have confirmed that effects of Vrn genes appear on the tillering phase and that the response to vernalization and shortening of day length can change the duration of this phase. We have shown that, after vernalization and under short-day conditions, the Vrn-B1a allele has the strongest effect on the length of the tillering phase. After vernalization, in the late substitution line Sava (Diamant II 5B) with the Vrn-B1a allele, the length of the tillering decreased more strongly after 6 days than in the earlier Sava line (Saratovskaya 29 5B) with the Vrn-B1c allele. After the length of the day shortens, in late NIL i:Bez1 Vrn-B1a, the length of the tillering phase and period of stem elongation--heading increased more strongly for 13 and 5 days, respectively than in the early i:Bez1 Vrn-B1c line. The study of F1 hybrids between substitution and isogenic lines, the growth habits of which are determined by both Vrn-B1a and Vrn-B1c alleles, had shown the dominance of the trait lateness, which is determined by the line with the Vrn-B1a allele. In F1 hybrids, between substitution lines, the length of tillering was similar to that of the line with Vrn-B1a and, in F1 hybrids between NILs, the length of tillering was intermediate between the parental lines.