ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНА ГРОМАДА – ФУНДАТОР ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ПОРЯДКУ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОЇ ОДИНИЦІ (Territorial Community as a Founder of Public Order in Administrative Unit)

Abstract

Ukrainian Abstract: Досліджено територіальну громаду як засновника та основного суб’єкта забезпечення й охорони громадського порядку на відповідній тери- торії. Проаналізовано характерні ознаки територіальної громади та доведе-но її системний зв’язок зі сферою громадського порядку. Обґрунтовано необ-хідність і запропоновано шляхи реформування місцевого самоврядування в напрямі запровадження інституту муніципальної міліції/ English Abstract: The article deals with the study of territorial community as a founder and principal actor of enforcement and protection of public order on the certain territory. Attention drawn to the given problem in the article is connected to the disputable question about providing a territorial community and representative organs created by it with the right to save public order on the territory of the corresponding administrative unit. The untouched before issues of the essence of territorial community as an efficient element in the sphere of public order are studied. The existing theories connected with the creation of local self-government are studied. Namely the theory of free community or the theory of natural rights of the community; the social theory of the local self-government; the state theory of the local self-government (there are political and legal branches of that theory); the theory of social service. Those theories emphasize the special importance of the primary subject of local self-government, i.e. territorial community, in solving local problems, one of the most important of which is the protection of public order. The definitions of the terms ‘enforcement of public order’ and ‘protection of public order’ are given. The characteristic features of territorial community (territorial, integrative, intellectual) are analyzed and the principal role of the territorial community in the sphere of public order is proved. The systemic connection of territorial communities with the sphere of public order is pointed out. Much attention is paid to the territorial aspect. The conclusion is made about the necessity of the legislative confirmation of the territorial community by the territorial basis of local self-government. It is proved that the state of public order is of a great interest for the members of a territorial community. It is also stated that the members of a community, their morale state, common interests and the level of justice directly affect the state of public order. The conclusion illustrates that the territorial community has all the resources to ensure the protection of public order on its own territory; its representative bodies should establish the necessary legal, economic and organizational conditions. The necessity of reforming in local government in the direction of establishing the institution of municipal police is emphasized. The ways of reforming in this direction are also suggested.