Abstract
Viruses cause serious damage to crops; however, effective plant antiviral disease managements remain largely to be explored. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are genes involved in histone regulation, and modulate the expression of genes. Previous studies demonstrated that in histone deacetylases (HDACs) single-gene-knockout yeasts the accumulation of Brome mosaic virus and Tomato bushy stunt virus decreased, and application of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) to HCV replicon cell OR6 showed suppressive effect on Hepatitis C virus. However, whether HDACi can be applied for plant viral disease management remained to be resolved. In this study, we first treated sodium butyrate (one kind of HDACi) to Nicotiana benthamiana, a susceptible host, to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The data indicated that plants pretreated with sodium butyrate showed more vigorously growth and delayed in symptom expression than untreated plants after TMV inoculation. In addition, our RT-PCR revealed that the application of sodium butyrate induced the expression of PR-1a, suggested that sodium butyrate participated in the salicylic acids (SA) related plant defense pathway. Furthermore, in contrast to SA-treated plants the expression of PR-1a is stronger in treated leaves than systemic leaves; sodium butyrate-treated leaf shows stronger PR-1a induction in systemic leaves. The production of ROS showed obviously increase in the systemic leaf of sodium butyrate-treated N. benthamiana. It indicated that SA may trigger stronger local defense and sodium butyrate trigger stronger systemic defense. Thus, we applied both SA and sodium butyrate solutions on the leaves of N. benthamiana, and enhanced resistance was observed on the mixed solutions-treated plants. It revealed that sodium butyrate has the potential to be applied in development of effective systemic antiviral disease managements.
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