Идентификация SNP, ассоциированных с воспроизводительной способностью крупного рогатого скота

Abstract

The problem of reproduction of cattle in the Russian Federation remains relevant from year to year and is characterized by a rather low yield of offspring per 100 queens, which causes significant economic damage. The solution to this problem is associated with an increase in the efficiency of the implementation of the genetically determined reproductive capabilities of animals. Scientific novelty lies in the study of molecular genetic mechanisms of cattle fertility control. The aim of the work was to identify allelic variants of SNPs associated with the reproductive ability of cattle. Whole genome genotyping was performed. Research methods. The studies were carried out on cows of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed of the Ural type. The genetic profile of Black-and-White animals has been studied, SNP significantly associated with the reproductive qualities of cows have been identified, genetic variants and combinations of DNA markers have been identified that improve the reproductive qualities of cows. Results. In terms of reproduction indicators (multiplicity of insemination, duration of the service period), it was found that the multiplicity of insemination for animals with the genotype ARS-BFGL-NGS-71623GG was 1.33, which is lower compared to the genotypes ARS-BFGL-NGS-71623AA and ARS-BFGL- NGS-71623AG by 0.27 and 0.5 units. Heifers with the ARS-BFGL-NGS-85003AC genotype are inseminated at an earlier age than other animals. A significant difference in live weight at the first insemination was noted only for the ARS-BFGL-NGS-71623 gene. It is recommended to select animals with homozygous genotype ARS-BFGL-NGS-71623GG to improve the reproductive ability of cows in the breeding nucleus.