ДОНОРЫ РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ОКРАСКИ И ФОРМЫ ЦВЕТКА СОРТОВ ИРИСА КЛАССА SIBIRIANS

Abstract

The use of iris speciesI. sibiricaL., I. sanguineaDonn ex Hornem, and I. typhifoliaKitag in plant breeding allowed developing the varieties united in the Class of Siberian irises (SIB).The Siberian iris varieties with blue, violet andwhite flowers only are used in the landscaping of the Altai Region’s forest-steppe.The research goal was to identify the donors of new flower colors and shapes of the iris vari-eties of the Siberian class. In 2014, crossings were carried out in 12 combinations, and only 6 combinations produced germinating seeds (26.6-64.0%).The highest germination rate was obtained from crossing ‘Reddy Or Not’ × ‘Lemon Veil’ varieties; and seed germination from free pollination of these varieties was lower (14-24%).The number of seeds in one capsule was also higher in crosses than from free pollination.The hybrids of the Salamander Crossing culti-var were the first to bloom in the first ten-days of June; the ‘Lemon Veil’ varieties were the last in the third ten-days of June.A variety of colors and flower shapes were found in families of geographically distant varieties: ‘Liubimchik Altaya’ × ‘Sultan’s Ruby’ and ‘Reddy Or Not’ × ‘Lemon Veil’.Backcrosses were unsuccessful. In the ‘Liubimchik Altaya’ family × ‘Sultan’s Ruby’ the hybrids varied in flower shape (simple, double), in color (purple of different shades, blue, lilac, pink with different patterns) and height of pe-duncles (60-120 cm). Thepeduncles of hybrids in the ‘Reddy Or Not’ × ‘Lemon Veil’ family are equal in height (80-90 cm), original in color (purple, lilac, pink with different patterns in the form of strokes and dots) and flower shape. The varieties ‘Lyubimchik Altaya’ × ‘Sultan’s Ruby’ and ‘Reddy Or Not’ × ‘Lemon Veil’ were classified as donors of valuable traits.