Тимофеевка луговая (Phleum pratense L.): биологические особенности, хозяйственное значение, особенности сорта ВИК 911, технологические приемы семеноводства

Abstract

Meadow timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) is an excellent traditional crop for creating hayfields and pasture of long-term use. This is a long-term riding grain, characterized by such irreplaceable qualities as durability, high yield of hay and green mass, high leafiness, good feed quality indicators, make it indispensable when creating hayfields and other types of forage lands not only in Russia, but also abroad. Timothy grass is one of the main components of grass mixtures for haymaking, especially with the participation of meadow clover, alfalfa, and it is also an excellent phytomeliorative culture that restores soil fertility. The most important issues of seed production of meadow timothy grass are such technological techniques as doses and timing of nitrogen fertilizers, seeding rates and methods of sowing seeds, as well as harvesting in accordance with the biological characteristics of the new variety of timothy grass VIK 911. As our research has shown, meadow timothy grass of the new variety VIK 911 should be sown in an ordinary way, with a seeding rate of 5–7 kg/ha, while nitrogen fertilizers should be applied better in spring at a dose of 45–60 kg/ha, or in two terms: in early autumn, in early September, at a dose of 30–45 kg/ha and in spring at a dose of 45 kg/ha. Meadow timothy grass has a good range of possible seed harvesting (6–8 days) due to the resistance to seed shedding.