Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a very contagious disease that occurs in cloven- hoofed livestock. This disease has an adverse effect on the livestock industry by causing blister in mouth and nose, anorexia, high fever and in particular sudden death to young animals. FMD virus (FMDV) has seven different serotypes: O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2 and SAT3 but just two serotypes (O, A) have occurred in South Korea so far. In this study, we have developed recombinant protein antigen and verified protective efficacy as a FMD vaccine in contrast to widely used inactivated virus vaccine. Recombinant protein antigen is composed of repeated sequence of two epitopes (141-160, 200-213) of the VP1 of FMDV serotype O and pig immunoglobulin heavy chain as a carrier protein, and as a result, FMD vaccine has been produced by mixing paraffin oil. We have identified that antibody forms against FMDV in a vaccinated pig, measured protection rate against 3 topotypes of FMDV serotype O by excuting frequent challenge tests. It has shown above a certain level (≥80%) regardless of vaccination frequency. It suggests that recombinant protein, single antigen can respond to different topotypes in FMDV serotype O. We could assure that we have established the cornerstone for developing nonviral FMD vaccine that can protect against FMDV within the country and beyond neighboring countries.
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