Сорокопуди роду Lanius у Закарпатській області України

Abstract

The publication presents status and distribution areas of Lanius collurio, L. minor and L. excubitor on the territory of the Zakarpattia region of Ukraine. By this time the status of L. excubitor and L. minor in Zakarpattia region not been determined. The publication presents a detailed literature review of the abundance, nature of the stay and distribution of these species of shrikes in the Zakarpattia region during the century. The analysis presents own data collected during the studies of the territory of the Zakarpattia lowland and the foothills of the inner edge of the Vyhorlat-Hutynskyi Range of the Ukrainian Carpathians for 1993–2000 and 2010–2018. As a result of the collected material, it was found that L. collurio is an ordinary and abundant species of any biotopes within the region, except for forest, wetland (water areas and wetlands) and settlements. L. minor and L. excubitor are rare nesting species for Zakarpattia, but within the limits of their habitats in the region they are usual. Both species are spread, mainly in the territory of lowland Zakarpattia. They also live in the oak and flood-plain forests of foothills Vygorlat-Hutynskyi Range. L. excubitor in Zakarpattia region is also wintering. This species flies into the flood-plain forests of mountainous areas of the region in winter. Both species choose for themselves the same or similar natural or transformed moist biotopes: 1) floodplain shrubs; 2) shrubs, poplar stands stands and edges of nemoral forests near water bodies – rivers, canals, reservoirs; 3) agrocenoses permeated with meliorative channels, with sparse fruit trees. The strategy for the conservation of these species should consist in preserving the biotopes that are important for their nesting and habitats: floodplain nemoral forests and shrubs within the RLP “Prytysiansky”, lower reaches of Latoritsa, Borzhava and Uzh rivers, as well as biotopes of melioration systems - Batarska and Berehivska - in the valley of the Tysa river. To do this, it is necessary to establish new nature-protected areas and units of the Emerald Network of Ukraine and to develop appropriate management plans for those protected areas, where these species are protected.