β-Ketoenamine Porous Organic Polymers for High-Efficiency Carbon Dioxide Adsorption and Separation.

Porous hyper-cross-linked aromatic polymers are one ofthe emergingclasses of porous organic polymers with the potential for industrialapplication. Four different porous polymeric materials have been preparedusing different precursors (indole, pyrene, carbazole, and naphthalene),and the composition and textural properties were analyzed. The materialswere characterized in detail using different physicochemical techniqueslike scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy,nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction, etc. The effect of textural properties and nitrogenspecies on carbon dioxide and nitrogen adsorption capacities and selectivitywas studied and discussed. The carbon dioxide and nitrogen adsorptioncapacities were measured using a volumetric gas adsorption system.The adsorption data were fitted into different adsorption models,and the ideal absorbed solution theory was used to calculate adsorptionselectivity. Among the studied samples, POP-4 shows the highest carbondioxide and nitrogen adsorption capacities. While POP-1 shows maximumCO2/N2 selectivity of 78.0 at 298 K and 1 barpressure. It is observed that ultra-micropores, which are presentin the prepared materials but not measured during conventional surfacearea measurement via nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, play a very importantrole in carbon dioxide adsorption capacity and determining the carbondioxide selectivity over nitrogen. Surface nitrogen also increasesthe CO2 selectivity in the dual mode by increasing carbondioxide adsorption via the acid–base interaction as well asby decreasing nitrogen adsorption due to N–N repulsion.

Isomeric sp2-C-conjugated porous organic polymer-mediated photo- and sono-catalytic detoxification of sulfur mustard simulant under ambient conditions

A Three-Dimensional Silicon-Diacetylene Porous Organic Radical Polymer

Hydrogen is a green energy carrier. Chemical looping reforming of biomass and its derivatives is a promising way for hydrogen production. However, the removal of carbon dioxide is costly and inefficient with the traditional chemical absorption methods. The objective of this article is to find a new material with low energy consumption and high capacity for carbon dioxide storage. A metal organic framework (MOF) material (e.g., CuBTC) was prepared using the hydrothermal synthesis method. The synthesized material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, −196 °C N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, and thermogravimetry analysis to obtain its physical properties. Then BET, t-plot, and density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to acquire its specific surface area and pore textural properties. Its carbon dioxide adsorption capacity was evaluated using a micromeritics ASAP 2000 instrument. The results show that the decomposition temperature of the synthesized CuBTC material is 300 °C. Besides, high CO2 adsorption capacity (4 mmol g−1) and low N2 adsorption capacity were obtained at 0 °C and atmospheric pressure. These results indicate that the synthesized MOF material has a high efficiency for CO2 separation. From this study, it is expected that this MOF material could be used in adsorption and separation of carbon dioxide in chemical looping reforming process for hydrogen production in the near future.

Porous organic polymers with different pore structures for sensitive solid-phase microextraction of environmental organic pollutants

Effect of the Presence of Water-soluble Amines on the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Adsorption Capacity of Amine-grafted Poly-succinimide (PSI) Adsorbent During CO2 Capture

One-step fabrication of nitrogen-rich linear porous organic polymer-based micron-sized sphere for selective enrichment of glycopeptides

Optimisation of headspace solid phase microextraction for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in human milk samples

Adsorption of carbon dioxide on hydrotalcite-like compounds of different compositions

In this study, hybrids of nanoporous MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-53(Al) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method for various time periods, ranging from 8 to 40 h. The prepared materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and elemental analysis, and their specific surface areas were measured by N2 sorption at 77 K using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. To investigate the practical application of these materials, the pure carbon dioxide and methane adsorption capacities of the samples were determined using the volumetric method. The Langmuir model was used to fit the CO2 and CH4 isotherms. Extended Langmuir (EL) equations and the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) models were used to obtain the CO2/CH4 selectivity. The sample with the highest BET specific surface area was selected as a candidate for further investigations. The thermal stability of the selected sample was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the sample morphology. XRD results showed that the sample synthesized over the shortest time corresponded to MIL-101(Cr), while the sample synthesized over the longest time was in agreement with MIL-53(Al). Samples synthesized for time periods between these two limits were assumed to be composites of both MIL-53(Al) and MIL-101(Cr). TGA results indicated that the hybrid materials were thermally stable at temperatures about 100 °C higher than for pure MIL-101(Cr). The BET specific surface area (1746 m2 g−1) and CO2 adsorption capacity (16 mmol g−1) of the selected hybrid sample were about 50% and 35% higher, respectively, compared with those of pure MIL-53(Al), but 30% and 20% lower, respectively, compared with those of pure MIL-101(Cr). Binary adsorption modeling showed the high selectivity of the MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-53(Al) hybrid material for CO2 with a minimum separation factor of about 60 at 298 K. This value was much higher than those reported previously and those observed in this work for the original MIL-101(Cr) or MIL-53(Al). These results demonstrated that the hybrid of MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-53(Al) was a promising material for selective CO2 capture from natural and biogas.

Surface thermodynamics of hydrocarbon vapors and carbon dioxide adsorption on shales

Granular and monolith carbon materials were prepared from African palm shell by chemical activation with H3PO4, ZnCl2 and CaCl2 aqueous solutions of different concentrations. Adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide and methane were measured at 298 K and 4,500 kPa, and also of CO2 at 273 K and 100 kPa, in a volumetric adsorption equipment. Correlations between the textural properties of the materials and the adsorption capacity for both gases were obtained from the experimental data. The results obtained show that the adsorption capacity of CO2 and CH4 increases with surface area, total pore volume and micropore volume of the activated carbons. Maximum adsorption values were: 5.77 mmol CO2 g−1 at 273 K and 100 kPa, and 17.44 mmol CO2 g−1 and 7.61 mmol CH4 g−1 both at 298 K and 4,500 kPa.

Selective adsorption of supercritical carbon dioxide and methane binary mixture in shale kerogen nanopores

This research was aimed to activate zeolite-Y templated carbon (ZTC-Y) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) at variation weight ratios of KOH(g)/KTZ-Y(g) at 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2, in order to enhance the carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity on the material. ZTC-Y was synthesized via impregnation method by carbonization. The activation was performed by heating of impregnated ZTC-Y with KOH at 800°C for 1 hour, followed by acid washing to remove inorganic salt. ZTC-Y before and after activation were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) methods. The surface area and average pore size of activated ZTC-Y were 557.41 m2/g and 2.36 nm, respectively. The CO2 adsorption capacity was determined by gravimetric method. The result showed that activation of ZTC-Y with KOH could increase CO2 adsorption capacity on ZTC-Y. CO2 adsorption capacity was enhanced from 1.07% (wt) to 2.72% (wt) for ZTC-Y after activation with KOH at weight ratio of KOH(g)/ ZTC-Y(g) 1.5.

Rigid supramolecular structures based on flexible covalent bonds: A fabrication mechanism of porous organic polymers and their CO2 capture properties