「ようだ․みたいだ」の習得に関する研究 JSL学習者とJFL学習者の使用傾向に関する調査

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to determine the influence of the learning environment on the learning approach followed by learners of Japanese as a second language (JSL) or as a foreign language (JFL). Our study used three factors to examine the association between learning and the learning environment：the location in the sentence, the part of speech, and the communication setting and was based on the phrase “yodaㆍmitaida” as an example. As a result, the learners’ use of “yodaㆍmitaida” was revealed with reference to its intended use, by determining 1) its location in sentences, 2) the part of speech (only JFL learners), and 3) the communication setting. The following hypotheses were supported. 1-1 Both JSL learners and JFL learners use “yoda” from a predicate by a non-predicate. 1-2 Both JSL learners and JFL learners use “mitaida” from a non-predicate by a predicate. 2-1 JFL learners use “yoda” from a noun, when the part of speech to connect to is a verb. 2-2 JFL learners use “mitaida” from a verb, when the part of speech to connect to is a noun. 3-1 Both JSL learners and JFL learners use “yoda” from “informal scene” by “formal scene.” 3-2 Both JSL learners and JFL learners use “mitaida” from “formal scene” by “informal scene.” The conclusions of this study can be summarized by the following four points： (1) From the perspective of “mood”, there is no difference between the two items, but it cannot be affirmed that the two items do not differ in terms of the co-occurrence relation with other grammar and usage trends. (2) The learning process is influenced by the learning environment. (3) The part of speech does not play a central role in the language acquisition of Japanese learners(JSL). (4) The influence relation with a part of speech depends on the learning environment.