ЦИКЛ «ВВЕДЕНИЕ В КУЛЬТУРУ IN VITRO – МИКРОРАЗМНОЖЕНИЕ» У СОРТОВ ВИНОГРАДА: ЛЕДЯНОЙ, ЗОЛОТЦЕ, МУСКАТ АКСАЙСКИЙ

Abstract

The article notes the necessity to improve clonal micro-propagation in order to create genetic banks. The key moment is to optimize the "introduction to in vitro culture- micro-propagation" cycle. The possibility of joint use of apical meristem and chemotherapy was studied for three grapevine varieties that differ in morphobiological indicators. To do this, the antiviral drug Ribavirin, salicylic ac-id, the antibiotic Cefotaxim, the growth regu-lator Melafen, were supplemented to the nu-trient medium. A detailed description of the research methods, both generally accepted and improved by the author are given in the paper. Intensive development of apical meri-stem in Ledyanoy variety has been detected, and the meristem of the Zolotce variety has been found to have a positive reaction to all the drugs studied, especially Cefotaxim and Melafen. The Muscat Aksaiskiy had signifi-cant death and slow development of apical meristem. In variants with the use of Ribavi-rin, Salicylic acid and Cefotaxima a better development of meristems was marked. There were more large meristems and with the signs of growth. The positive effect of chemotherapy on the multiplication coeffi-cient and on the shoot formation was estab-lished. The reproduction rate of Ledyanoy variety increased by 1.8 — 2.7 times, the Zolotce variety by 2-2.3 times, and the Mus-cat Aksayiskiy variety by 2.3-2.6 times. The largest number of shoots was formed in the varieties Ledyanoy and Muscat Aksayskiy - 53 pcs., slightly less in the variety Zolotce -47 pcs. In the Ledyanoy variety, the best options are: Cefotaxime and salicylic acid; in the Zolotce variety, Cefotaksim; in the Muscat Aksaiskiy variety: Cefotaxime and salicylic acid. The necessity of using chemotherapy at the stage of introducing apical meristems into the culture in vitro to optimize clonal micro-reproduction was proved.