ВЛИЯНИЕ НАНОЧАСТИЦ НА ОСНОВЕ ОКСИДА ЖЕЛЕЗА, МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ РАЗЛИЧНЫМИ ОБОЛОЧКАМИ, НА ГЕНЕРАЦИЮ АКТИВНЫХ ФОРМ КИСЛОРОДА СТИМУЛИРОВАННЫМИ КЛЕТКАМИ КРОВИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА В УСЛОВИЯХ IN VITRO

Abstract

Among the variety of nanoparticles, those based on iron oxide are of particular interest due to their biological safety, magnetic properties, as well as the possibility to give them the required physico-chemical properties and to modifying their surface with biocompatible, bioactive materials, ligands and antibodies. An important aspect that determines the possibility and range of clinical applications of nanoparticles is their biocompatibility profile. Considering the mechanism mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and involved in the implementation of the toxic effect of nanoparticles, special attention at the stage of their development for biomedical applications should be paid to assessing their safety in terms of the development of oxidative stress. In this regard, we studied the dose-dependent effect of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) modified with various shells (based on polylactide, polysaccharide, and albumin) on the generation of ROS in stimulated human blood cells, as well as on the dynamics of induced oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes. It was found that MNPs with a shell of polylactide, albumin, and polysaccharide, in the range of all the used concentrations (0.1–2.0 mg/mL) and throughout the entire incubation period (0–180 min), do not affect the kinetics of the chemiluminescent response, while providing a unidirectional but differently pronounced decrease in the maximum intensity of induced chemiluminescence and total ROS production. All types of investigated nanoparticles in the range of concentrations from 1.0 to 2.0 mg/mL provide a dose-dependent enhancement of this effect. Under conditions of induced ROS generation, various MNP shells do not modify the effects of these nanoparticles and only regulate their intensity. MNPs with a polylactide shell have maximum effect.