КАЧЕСТВО ПЫЛЬЦЕВЫХ ЗЁРЕН В ЗРЕЛЫХ ПЫЛЬНИКАХ ПШЕНИЦЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ IN PLANTA (НА ПРИМЕРЕ СОРТА ЖНИЦА)

Abstract

Biotechnological and selection investigations for making of wheat high-yielding resistant varieties require a significant amount of high-quality mature pollen. It is important to assess It is important to assess the quality of pollen grains in mature anthers in planta of the wheat genotypes included in the experiments. In the course of research the analysis of the histological status of mature anthers was carried out and qualitative cytological evaluation inside them pollen grain of spring soft wheat Zhnitsa cultivar was done in in planta conditions. It was shown that the structure of the wall locule anther presented by exothecium and endothecium is typical for cereals. It was established that 3-cell mature pollen grains are fertile (87-92%) and viable (75–80%) in general. At the same time in every mature anther abnormal pollen grains were observed and the cellular, nuclear, cytoplasmic and architectonic deviations from the norm were revealed. On the base of literature date the analysis of the reasons for the formation of abnormal pollen grains in planta was done and the classification of anomalies of plant pollen grains and the terminology used in this field of research were discussed.