図形類同視に於ける方向及び配置の発達的研究 III

Abstract

According to the experiments by Sonohara (1) and me (2) (3), the characteristics of the recognition of figures by kindergarten children were found as follows:1. They chose dominantly figures of the same form rather than those of the same color.2. The figures which are the same in the main direction were chosen dominantly. 3. Color was an important agent in the recognition so far as form is the same. 4. The reversal figures were chosen dominantly.5. The semi-reversal figures and elementary figures which consist of the same elements but different combinations were ignored.In adults figures chosen as similar were determined by the similar combinations of three factors-color, direction and form. The developmental stages from kindergarten children's characteristics to the adluts' were found about in the third and sixth grades of primary school and about in the first grade of lower secondary school.The purposes of the present investigation through the experiments I and II are more advanced analyses of the above-mentioned results.Procedure and SubjectsFour sets (two sets for each experiment) of figures used in the present experiment were reconstructed from the ones used in the previous experiments. Each set consists of the standard figure and elective figures. The subject was asked to select from the elective figures the one which has the greatest similarity to the standard. In the experiment I the number of subjects from kindergarten children to adults is 656 and in the experiment II, 624.1. Results with children :a. The choice of the figures according to form was obvious.b. The tendency to pay attention chiefly to the upper part of the figure was found in some degree.c. The importance of the reversal figures was re-affirmed.d. The ignoring of the semi-reversal figures and the elementary ones was reaffirmed.2. Results with adults :The choice of the figures according to the three factors-colors, direction and form-was re-affirmed.3. The developmental stages were as follows :As to the third and the sixth grades in primary school and the first grade in lower secondary school, the results of the previous experiments were re-affirmed.