Abstract

本試驗以高雄3號(Kaohsiung No.3)與十石(Shih-Shih)二大豆品種爲材料,測定重要生育期值株各部位(葉片、葉柄、莖桿、根、莢果壁與種子)非構造性碳水化合物(TNC)與氮素濃度,探討春(1982)、夏(1981)作大豆由於比他重要營養要素濃度之變化所代表之生理意義及與產量之關係。試驗結果顯示春作大豆營養器官於種子迅速充實期前均有較高的TNC濃度,而於種子迅速充實後大幅下降,成熟時各部位TNC濃度反較夏作低,顯示春作大豆對營養器官所貯存TNC的依賴程度較大,可能是因爲春作大豆葉片較早老化、脫落而導致現階段光合生產不足,TNC之供給成爲產量的限制因子。 除葉柄外,春作各營養器官亦有較高N濃度,尤以營養生長期之差異較大。與TNC相同,各營養器官N濃度在種子充實期有大幅下降及N素再轉移現象存在。對老化即將脫落的葉片進行分析發現,夏作N素濃度皆在2.5%以上,春作更高達3.5%,顯示葉片內大量的N素無法充分轉移至種子,而此時TNC濃度己低於5%,無助於維持葉片生理活性,因而首先提出假說,認爲除TNC外,可能尚有其他未知因子誘使葉片提早老化,並阻礙N素之轉移而降低種子產量。同一期作二品種之TNC及N素濃度變化頗一爲致,而期作間差異則大,顯示兩項營養要素之累積與分佈易受環境因子之影響。

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