Abstract

이차전지 음극소재인 실리콘의 부피팽창을 개선하기 위하여 hollow silicon/carbon (H-Si/C) 복합체의 특성을 조사하였다. <TEX>$St{\ddot{o}}ber$</TEX>법을 통해 합성한 <TEX>$SiO_2$</TEX>에 <TEX>$NaBH_4$</TEX>를 첨가해 hollow 형태의 <TEX>$SiO_2\;(H-SiO_2)$</TEX>를 제조한 후, 마그네슘 열 환원 반응과 phenolic 수지(resin)를 첨가한 후 탄화과정을 거쳐서 H-Si/C 복합체를 합성하였다. 제조된 H-Si/C 합성물은 XRD, SEM, BET, EDX, TGA를 통해 특성을 분석하였다. 음극소재의 용량과 사이클 안정성을 향상시키기 위해서, <TEX>$NaBH_4$</TEX> 첨가량에 따라 합성된 H-Si/C 복합체의 전기화학적 특성을 충방전, 사이클, 순환전압전류, 임피던스 테스트를 통해 조사하였다. H-Si/C 음극활물질과 <TEX>$LiPF_6$</TEX> (EC : DMC : EMC = 1 : 1 : 1 vol%) 전해액을 사용하여 제조한 코인셀은 <TEX>$SiO_2:NaBH_4=1:1$</TEX>일 때 1459 mAh/g의 향상된 용량을 나타내었으며, 사이클 성능 또한 두 번째 사이클 이후 40번째 사이클까지 매우 우수한 안정성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. Hollow silicon/carbon (H-Si/C) composites as anode materials for lithium ion batteries were investigated to overcome the large volume expansion. H-Si/C composites were prepared as follows; hollow <TEX>$SiO_2\;(H-SiO_2)$</TEX> was prepared by adding <TEX>$NaBH_4$</TEX> to <TEX>$SiO_2$</TEX> synthesized using <TEX>$st{\ddot{o}}ber$</TEX> method followed by magnesiothermic reduction and carbonization of phenolic resin. The H-Si/C composites were analyzed by XRD, SEM, BET and EDX. To improve the capacity and cycle performance, the electrochemical characteristics of H-Si/C composites synthesized with various <TEX>$NaBH_4$</TEX> contents were investigated by charge/discharge, cycle, cyclic voltammetry and impedance tests. The coin cell using H-Si/C composite (<TEX>$SiO_2:NaBH_4=1:1$</TEX> in weight) in the electrolyte of <TEX>$LiPF_6$</TEX> dissolved in organic solvents (EC : DMC : EMC = 1 : 1 : 1 vol%) has better capacity (1459 mAh/g) than those of other composition coin cells. It is found that the coin cell (<TEX>$SiO_2:NaBH_4=1:1$</TEX> in weight) has an excellent capacity retention from 2nd cycle to 40th cycle.

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