인간 내성 리트로 바이러스(HERV)와 인간 면역 결핍 바이러스(HIV)의 상관관계

Abstract

Retroviruses genes have been inserted into the human genome for millions of years. These retroviruses are now inactive due to mutations such as deletions or nonsense mutations. After mutation, retroviruses eventually became fixed in the genome in their endogenous forms and existed as traces of ancient viruses. These retroviruses are called endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), with the human form known as human endogenous retrovirus. HERV cannot become a fully active virus, but a number of viral proteins or even virus particles are expressed under various conditions. Compared to endogenous retroviruses, some exogenous retroviruses are still infectious and can threaten human life. Among these, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most well-known and best-studied. Recent studies have shown some elements of HERV were activated by HIV infection and interact with HIV-derived proteins. In addition, many studies have attempted to use HERV as vaccination against HIV infection. This review will describe the regulation and interaction between HERV and HIV infection and mention the development of vaccines and therapeutic agents against HIV infection by using HERV elements.