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Abstract
In this article, we investigate the inhibitory activity of methanolic extracts of bark and leaves of Curatella americana L. against α-glucosidase. Furthermore, antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays, and the interaction of the identified compound of the extracts and α-glucosidase was tested by molecular docking. The results show that C. americana has a strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase reaching an IC 50 value of 7.29 µg/ml and 7.26 µg/ml for the extracts of bark and leaves, respectively. The enzyme kinetics reveals a mixed competitive mechanism for the leaves extract and an uncompetitive type of inhibition for the bark extract. The results of the antioxidant activity showed that both extracts have great antioxidant capacity, with the leaves extract having a better performance. The identified compounds of the extracts have a high binding affinity to the enzyme. Therefore, the study showed that C. americana extracts have a great potential for the treatment of diabetes, possibly serving as a therapeutic option to treat postprandial hyperglycemia and prevent long-term pathologies associated with diabetes.
Highlights
IntroductionThe search for natural antidiabetic compounds is an emergency for humanity, since synthetic products used to treat this pathology have unpleasant adverse effects with prolonged use (Junejo et al, 2017)
One of the main characteristics of this plant is the high density at the sites of occurrence, a fact that demonstrates a great potential for biotechnological application (Oestreich Filho, 2014)
Something to note is that most of the phenolic content in both extract extracts is composed of tannins, with a high ratio of tannins in the bark extract (Table 1)
Summary
The search for natural antidiabetic compounds is an emergency for humanity, since synthetic products used to treat this pathology have unpleasant adverse effects with prolonged use (Junejo et al, 2017). The ethnopharmacological use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes has grown, mainly due to low cost and high availability (Beidokhti & Jäger, 2017). In this context, Brazil has great potential for studies of this nature due to the great diversity of plant species. It is important to note that the chemical constitution of this plant is favorable to the development of antidiabetic products, since studies with C. americana report the presence of important phytochemicals for this biological role, such as phenolic compounds (Cecílio et al, 2012; Ramkissoon et al, 2016)
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