КРАУДЛЕНДІНГ У СИСТЕМІ FINTECH

Abstract

Integration of credit services with innovative technologies has created the basis for expanding the possibilities of attracting the additional financial resources by representatives of small and medium businesses and individuals. This determines the relevance of the selected topic. The determinants of crowdlending development on the basis of research of its functioning in the system of financial technologies and analysis of international and domestic normative legal acts are substantiated. Works of domestic and foreign scientists have become the theoretical and methodological basis of the article. The research was conducted using the methods of theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, analysis and synthesis, which allowed justifying directions of development of crowdlending in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and international normative legal acts, it is proposed to single out operational, activity, subjective and contractual approaches to understanding the crowdlending. It is proposed to consider crowdlending as an activity of Internet platforms for meeting the needs of small and medium-sized businesses and individuals for financial resources at the expense of creditors (investors) on the basis of repayment. The crowdlending platforms carry out organizational, analytical and monitoring functions. The stages of origin, development and application of innovative approaches in crowdlending are analyzed. Consequently, crowdlending is a component of crowdfunding, the emergence and development of which was facilitated by FinTech. Nowadays, the specifics of crowdlending is (i) the international character of activity, (ii) focus on social, energy-saving and innovative projects, (iii) protection of consumer rights, and (iv) credit risk management. It is necessary to introduce licensing of crowdlending activity in Ukraine. Concerning P2P and P2B lending, it is necessary to establish requirements for disclosure of information by internet platforms regarding the possible risks of providing loans, as well as potential borrowers and the maximum amount of one-time investment or that within a year. It is also important to make appropriate changes to the Tax Code of Ukraine regarding the taxation of income received through the provision of loans through the crowdlending platforms.