基于 EDEM 仿真与土槽试验的移动式开沟器土壤扰动规律研究

Abstract

The mechanism of furrow opener-soil interaction plays an important role in analyzing the process of no-till planting furrow opener. In order to study the disturbance effect of the furrow opener on the loam soil, firstly, the three-dimensional model of the furrow opener was established by using SolidWorks. Secondly, the 3D discrete element model of furrow opener-soil interaction was established by EDEM software. Combined with the indoor soil bin test bench and high-speed camera technology, the micro-disturbance and macro-disturbance behavior of the furrow opener on soil at different positions, speeds and operating depths were compared and analyzed. The results showed that, the disturbance range of soil was decreased with the increase of the distance between the furrow opener and the soil. At different locations, the disturbance range of soil from large to small was the surface layer, the shallow layer and the middle layer. Under the conditions of three different layouts of furrow openers, through the comparison of the soil trench test and the simulation test, it was determined that the furrow openers in a staggered layout would be beneficial to reduce the degree of soil disturbance. In the trenching process, the soil movement velocity was decreased with the increase of the distance between the soil and the furrow opener, and the distribution curves of the same-speed soil particles were basically consistent with the curves of the furrow opener. The average velocities of soil particles with different velocities and depths in different directions were the surface layer, the shallow layer and the middle layer. However, there were differences in the maximum velocities of soil particles in different directions. By comparing the data obtained from the simulation test and the soil bin test, it was found that the parameters obtained from the simulation and the test were basically consistent, and it was determined that the discrete element simulation could simulate the soil disturbance behavior of the furrow opener more accurately. The relative errors of cross-sectional area of the front furrow opener and the rear furrow opener were 2.48 % and 5.2 %, respectively. The relative errors of the dynamic soil rate of the front furrow opener and the rear furrow opener were 0.25 % and 5.12 %, respectively.