横断山区龙蜥属(Diploderma)物种生境偏好和形态分化

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 横断山区龙蜥属(Diploderma)物种生境偏好和形态分化 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202104160986 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 生态环境部"生物多样性调查与评估"项目（2019HJ2096001006）；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目（2019QZKK04020202，2019QZKK050100503） Habitat preference and morphological differentiation of Diploderma in Hengduan Mountainous Region Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: The Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China (2019HJ2096001006) to Yin QI and Feng XIE. The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (2019QZKK04020202, 2019QZKK050100503). 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:横断山区是全球25个生物多样性热点之一，其生态安全和生物多样性保护备受国内外关注。经济社会发展给横断山区特有龙蜥属动物带来许多新的挑战，大量原始生境被道路修建和水电工程彻底破坏，有些物种甚至在局部地区灭绝。因此及时开展龙蜥保护生态学相关研究，对准确制定保护行动计划非常关键。生境偏好与形态分化是保护生态学研究的重要内容。采用样线和样方法，对横断山区9个龙蜥属物种生境因子进行了测量。同时借助野外标本采集和标本馆标本测量，对19个龙蜥属物种进行了形态量化。采用广义线性混合模型（Generalized Linear Mixed Model，GLMM）和基于系统发育的广义最小二乘法（Phylogenetic Generalized Least-Squares，PGLS）对龙蜥生境偏好和形态学分化进行了分析。结果表明，来自不同生境的龙蜥对生境因子具有特殊的偏好。灌丛型龙蜥更偏好石块灌丛、阳坡、较陡、平均石块粒径较大、温度适中的生境，偏好生境中往往有两头毛（Incarvillea arguta）分布；林地型龙蜥偏好乔木、较陡的上坡位和植被覆盖率高的生境，偏好生境中往往有红花羊蹄甲（Bauhinia×blakeana）分布。从形态分化方面看，灌丛型和林地型龙蜥在体型大小和运动形态方面均发生了明显地分化，对雄性而言，林地型龙蜥尾长、鼻眼距、第4指长以及第4趾爪长大于灌丛型龙蜥，而灌丛型龙蜥吻长和胫骨长大于林地型龙蜥。对雌性而言，尾长、头长、吻长、鼻眼距、第4指长、第4趾长以及第4趾爪长均为林地型龙蜥大于灌丛型。研究为横断山区龙蜥生境偏好和形态分化提供了直接证据，有助于理解龙蜥对干热河谷生境的适应策略，同时为科学制定龙蜥保护计划提供重要支撑。 Abstract:Hengduan Mountainous Region (HMR) is one of the top 25th biodiversity hotspots in the world, and its ecological security and biodiversity conservation have increasingly attracted much attention from China and other countries. Economic and social development has brought many new challenges to the survival of Diploderma, the endemic species of the HMR. The original habitats of several Diploderma species have completely been destroyed because of road construction and hydropower projects, and what made us worrying was some species that have become extinct in local areas. Therefore, timely research on the conservation ecology of Diploderma is very important and urgent to the design of conservation plan. Habitat preference and morphological differentiation are important contents of conservation ecology research. In this study, the habitat factors including habitat type, vegetation coverage, vegetation height, stone size, distance road, interference factor, slope direction, slope position, gradient, temperature, and humidity of 9 Diploderma species in HMR were measured by line and square to transect. At the same time, the morphological characters of 19 Diploderma species were quantified using field sampling and herbarium specimen. Habitat preference and morphological differentiation were analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) and Phylogenetic Generalized least-squares (PGLS). The results showed that Diploderma from different habitat types had special preferences for habitat factors. The species distributed in shrub preferred the habitats with stone, brush, steeper sunny slopes, large stone size, and suitable temperature (25-35℃), with Incarvillea arguta. The species distributed in forest preferred the habitats with big trees, steeper hill and high vegetation coverage, with Bauhinia×blakeana. Our results also showed much differentiation in body size and locomotion characters between shrub-type and forest-type lizard. For males, forest distributing species possessed large size in tail length, nose-eye distance, 4th finger length and claw length of the 4th toe compared with shrub distribution species, meanwhile snout length and shin length were just the opposite. While for females, forest distribution species possessed large size in tail length, head length, snout length, nose-eye distance, 4th finger length, 4th toe length and claw length of the 4th toe compared with shrub distribution species. Taken together, our study provides direct evidence for habitat preference and morphological differentiation of the endemic lizards' species in HMR, while it would greatly contribute to the understanding of adaptation tactics towards the dry-hot valley habitat in Diploderma, as well as provide important support for the design of conservation plan. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献