D esulfotalea

Abstract

Abstract De.sul.fo.ta'le.a. L. pref. de from; L. neut. n. sulfur sulfur; L. fem. n. talea a rod; N.L. fem. n. Desulfotalea a sulfate‐reducing rod. Desulfobacterota / Desulfobulbia / Desulfobulbales / Desulfocapsaceae / Desulfotalea Cells are large rods of variable length, 0.6–0.7 µm × 1.6–7.4 µm. Cells may be motile. Cells stain Gram‐negative. Spores are not formed. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory and fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs, using formate, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and alcohols as electron donors and also as carbon sources. Electron donors are incompletely oxidized, mainly to acetate. Chemolithoheterotrophs, using H 2 and acetate as electron donor and carbon source for sulfate reduction, correspondingly. Sulfate and ferric citrate serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to sulfide and ferrous citrate, respectively. The type species can also use thiosulfate and sulfite as electron acceptors. Elemental sulfur, Fe(III)‐oxyhydroxide, nitrate, and nitrite are not used as electron acceptors. Fermentative growth on pyruvate and fumarate is possible. Obligately or facultatively psychrophilic. The temperature optimal for growth is 10–18°C, and growth still occurs in saltwater at −1.8°C. Neutrophilic. The optimal pH for growth is between 7.2 and 7.9. The species require sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, and optimal growth occurs at brackish or marine salt concentrations, depending on the strain. Media containing a reductant are necessary for growth. Vitamins are not required. Desulfoviridin is absent. The genus Desulfotalea contains two described species. Occur in permanently cold marine sediments. DNA G + C content (mol %) : 41.8–46.6 (LC, genome). Type species : Desulfotalea psychrophila Knoblauch, Sahm and Jørgensen 1999, 1641 VP .