Вплив світової пандемії COVID-19 на банківський сектор

Abstract

The article analyses the peculiarities of the global pandemic COVID-19 impact and related quarantine restrictions imposed on the Ukrainian banking sector and other European countries. The purpose of the study is to determine the negative consequences of such an impact due to the global pandemic COVID-19, as well as to outline the effectiveness of implemented (planned) measures of governments and central banks to neutralize the effects of this impact on banks. Particular attention is paid to: the study of changes in GDP dynamics in European countries in the crisis periods of 2008-2009 and 2019-2021; the analysis of the efficiency of banks during the global crisis of 2019-2021; determining the quality of the Ukrainian banks’ loan portfolio (by economic sectors). The scientific paper notes that the negative factor influencing the stability of the country’s banking sector (during the crisis period of 2019-2021) is the increased dependence on banks investments in government securities and low diversification of banks credit investments in various sectors of the economy (especially this issue applies to state-owned banks in Ukraine). Examining the liquidity of the banking sector, it has been determined that the National Bank of Ukraine has taken similar global measures to support the liquidity of banks during the global pandemic. The anti-crisis measures introduced by the National Bank of Ukraine since December 2020 were also analysed in detail, among which the most effective were: restructuring of loans for individuals and enterprises; development by banks of plans for resumption of their full-fledged activity; suspension of the introduction of capital buffers; weakening in terms of liquidity ratio LCR.