Комбинации CHCL и СHCL с пропаном и хладонами 125, 227ea как перспективные негорючие хладагенты

Abstract

В данной работе рассмотрена проблема пожарной опасности применяемых в настоящее время хладагентов, предложено решение - создание негорючих смесевых композиций органических хлоридов с пропаном и хладонами 125, 227еа. Показана возможность увеличения доли короткоживущих компонентов в негорючих смесевых хладагентах, содержащих парниковые газы, с помощью создания тройных смесей. According to existing international agreements production of greenhouse gases must be drastically reduced in all sectors including refrigeration. It is known that refrigerants having short atmospheric lifetime are combustible. One of the methods to solve the problem of combustibility of refrigerants is to create noncombustible mixtures of combustible substance with an inhibitor of combustion. Such mixtures of organic chlorides with propane and CFH or CFH are investigated in this paper both theoretically and experimentally. Experimental equipment was specially adjusted to the combustion properties of the used chlorinated substances. It was obtained that CHCl и CНCl are strong inhibitors of combustion processes including self-inhibition of combustion of these substances themselves. Fluorinated hydrocarbons CFH and CFH are effective in suppression of combustion of dichloromethane and 1, 2-dichloroethane in air. As it follows from the obtained results, it is possible to reduce the content of the greenhouse component in the mixed refrigerant by 93% mass by creating noncombustible mixtures of dichlorides with CFH or CFH which are greenhouse gases. It was also revealed that CFH and CFH are stronger suppressants for combustion of CHCl and CНCl than for combustion of propane. Creation of triple noncombustible mixtures between CH, CHCl and CFH is advisable only when it is necessary to optimize energy efficiency of the refrigerant.