Abstract
Children obesity is becoming global and causing dysregulation throughout the immune system, affecting the balance and levels of cytokines and adipokines. The purpose of this research was to study the amount of CD14+CD163+ blood monocytes in obese children compared to practically healthy children of normal body weight (BW). Materials and methods used: 70 children aged 9 to 15 y/o were included in a cross-sectional single-center comparative study in parallel groups from Feb. to Nov., 2022. The main group consisted of 60 obese children aged 11.95 (9.45; 14.45) y/o, 43% boys/57% girls. The control group consisted of 10 children without signs of obesity aged 10.4 (9.3; 13.8) y/o, 40% boys/60% girls. The amount of CD14+CD163+ monocytes in peripheral blood was assessed using CytoFLEX platform flow cytometer. All participants have undergone bioimpedance measurement of adipose tissue parameters using InBody 770 body composition analyzer. Results: a statistically significant increase in the amount of CD14+CD163+ blood monocytes was connected with an increase in the obesity class (p=0.010) in children. Thus, in the 2nd and the 3rd obesity classes, an increase in the amount of blood monocytes was noted by 2.8 and 2.6 times, respectively, compared to the children with normal BW (p<0.05). There was also an increase in the amount of CD14+CD163+ monocytes in children with allergic diseases coupled with obesity - by 2.68 times compared to the children without this pathology (p=0.003). Conclusion: the connection between the amount of CD14+CD163+ peripheral blood monocytes, the obesity in children and the development of concomitant pathology was found. Therefore, reprogramming of blood monocytes would probably cause metabolic changes associated with obesity, which in its turn triggers various pathological processes. The results obtained are of a great practical importance for the purposes of treatment correction and undoubtedly require the continuation of the research in the field.
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