ФІЗИКО-ХІМІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ БУРОЗЕМІВ (CAMBISOLS) БУКОВИХ ПРАЛІСІВ ШИРОКОЛУЖАНСЬКОГО ПОНДВ КАРПАТСЬКОГО БІОСФЕРНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКА

Abstract

The study of burozems under virgin forests is a topical study, because the study of their properties will allow us to establish the conditions of soil formation, at which these virgin soils were formed in the mountainous territories of the Ukrainian Carpathians, and initiate their monitoring studies. Accordingly, the comparative characterization of these soils with ones which are impaired by soil anthropopression, will make it possible to make some correlative changes to improve their use for forestry and agricultural purposes. The purpose of the research is to study the physico-chemical properties of burozems under beech virgin forest ecosystems, their analysis and changes caused by different ages of virgin forests, different climatic features and composition of soil-forming rocks. The objective of research – burozems of Shyroka Luzhanka Environmental Research Branch (ERB) of Uholka and Shyroka Luzhanka preservation massif of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (CBR), which were formed under the beech virgin forests of different ages. The subject of the research – the physico-chemical properties of burozems of the beech virgin forests of Shyroka Luzhanka ERB of the CBR. A detailed study of the physico-chemical soils properties under the beech virgin forests of Shyroka Luzhanka ERB showed that in general, deep, medium-loam and slightly gravelly burozems on the eluvium-diluvium of flysch with a predominance of clay shales of the cool belt, which were formed under a 150-year-old beech virgin forests, are nutrient-rich and fertile soils, that promotes the germination of high-yielding beech stands on these soils. Deep, medium-clay and slightly gravelly burozems on the eluvium-diluvium of flysch with a predominance of clay shales of the cold belt, which were formed under a 200-year-old beech virgin forests, are well-humus-rich, well-structured soils, but they are poorly saturated with bases and have high active and hydrolytic acidity. These soils have low potential for afforestation. Moderate-deep, heavy-loamy and slightly gravelly burozems on the eluvium-diluvium of flysch with a predominance of clay shales of the medium-cold belt, which were formed under a 250-year-old beech virgin forests, is characterized by a high content of humus with uniform distribution across the genetic horizons, but has slightly increased acidity. In general, afforestation properties of these soils are quite high.