اثر عصاره های هیدروالکلی افسنطین Artemisia absinthium و شمعدانی Pelargonum graveolens بر شته سبز هلو Myzus persicae در راستای معرفی حشره کش سالم

Abstract

Background and Objective: This widespread use of synthetic pesticides for agricultural has resulted in the presence of their residues in rivers, lakes, sea, soils groundwater, and even drinking water, proves the high risk of these chemical insecticides on human health, toxicity to nontarget organisms. The plant extracts derived from A. absinthium and Pelargonium leaves were evaluated due to the esterified and phenolic compounds observed for their insecticidal activity towards green peach aphid. Green peach aphid (Scientific name: Myzus persicae) (In English: Green peach aphid) In Iran, the aphid attacked the leaves of peach, apple, cherry, apricot and also plants such as tomato, potato and eggplant make it complex, decreased growth, shriveling of the leaves and the death of various tissues and can cause severe damage. Method: The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Evaluation of the efficacy of different concentration of plant extracts (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) on green peach aphid with leaf dipping method.Findings: The main compounds of the A. absinthium were 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic (37.48 %),Benzoic acid, ethyl ester (4.40 %), 3,7-Di-tert-butyl-1-naphthol (13.47 %) and Cyclohexanol (3.06 %). The main compounds of the Pelargonium extract were Tetradecane (22.62 %) and Dibutyl phthalate (13.80 %). The results showed that A. absinthium treatment was the most efficacious with LC50= 218.43 ppm. Discussion and Conclusion: Increasing in concentration of plant extracts led to increased green peach aphid mortality percent. It seems that extracts of A. absinthium and Pelargonium affects the pest green peach aphid and can be an effective and inexpensive alternative to chemical pesticides.