ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ИЗ СЕМЯН И СЕМЕННАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ РЕДКОГО ЭНДЕМА СРЕДНЕЙ АЗИИ ALLIUM BACKHOUSIANUM REGEL

Abstract

The article presents the results of an introductory study of Allium backhousianum Regel: development features from seeds, phenology, morphometry, reproductivity and reproduction. This rare endemic plant of Uzbekistan grows in the middle belt of the mountains of Central Asia. The pregenerative period is 7–8 years. According to the phenorythmotype, it is a short-tagging, spring-earlylethally flowering ephemeroid. Flowering is annual, taking place mainly in the 3rd decade of May. The flowering phase is 8–15 days. The seeds ripen in July. The period from the beginning of regrowth to the complete ripening of seeds averages 88–92 days. The vegetation lasts 2.5–3.0 months. Mean rates of A. backhousianum morphometric parameters at young generative age over the study years are the following: stem height – 89.0±7.18 cm (71.7–106.7 cm), stem thickness – 0.8±0.07 cm (0.7–1.0 cm), leaf length – 25.0±1.95 cm (19.6–28.5 cm), leaf width – 7.2±0.34 cm (6.5–8.1 cm), inflorescence diameter – 6.48±0.70 cm (4.5–7.5 cm), inflorescence height – 4.4±.,57 cm (3.5–6.0), flower diameter – 1.9±0.02 cm (1.9–2.0 cm). Average reproductive indicator are the following: the number of flowers – 117.9±16.08 pcs. (90.7–164.4 pcs.), the number of fruits – 70.9±9.65 pcs. (55.3–95.0 pcs.), fruiting – 62% (47–85%), real seed productivity – 220±61.19 pcs. (124.6–381.2 pcs.), number of seeds in the fruit – 3.0±0–62 pcs. (2.2–4.8 pcs.), fetal semenification – 48.6% (37.5–76.2%), potential seed productivity – 707.6±96.4 pcs. (544.0–986.4 pcs.), productivity coefficient – 29.3% (19.6– 37.7%). The real seed productivity of A. backhousianum is satisfactory, potential opportunities are realized by an average of 29%. Propagation is seeded, mass of 1000 seeds is 5.4 g.