인공지능(AI)의 입법적 쟁점에 관한 고찰

Abstract

Recently, artificial intelligence with excellent performance has been spread and used. Looking at artificial intelligence from a legal aspect, the main issue is what kind of legal responsibility can be held for the judgments and actions of artificial intelligence. Living in the age of artificial intelligence today, we need wisdom to rationally coordinate the interests of the parties surrounding these legal responsibilities and prepare social systems for a safe life. If artificial intelligence with human-level free will, that is, an artificial intelligence robot that can think and act like a human, emerges after passing through the so-called singularity, the robot will show activities similar to humans, and the era in which humans and artificial intelligence robots live together is coming. However, this situation is still a story of the future, and it can be said that whether to grant artificial intelligence a level of free will similar to that of humans is the greatest task imposed on mankind today. The summary of the legislative issues in each field of artificial intelligence is roughly as follows.
 First, legislation on safety and ethics is needed. Artificial intelligence technology is very powerful, and accordingly, mistakes, malfunctions, or abuses may infringe on human life and safety, rights and freedoms, so countermeasures and legal regulations are urgently needed and appropriate. Second, it is necessary to legislate personal information protection regulations. Since artificial intelligence has the ability to collect and analyze personal information, protection and regulation are essential. Although there are already many laws for the protection of personal information, more specific legal regulations are needed for the data collected and analyzed by artificial intelligence. Third, legislation on accountability is needed. Since artificial intelligence works by programs, developers and operators must manage it responsibly. It is necessary to think about the legal regulation of these responsibilities and how to share them. Fourth, new legislation is needed according to economic and technological development. As AI technology develops, the competitiveness and growth of companies are greatly affected, so companies need cooperation and support for investment, development, and regulation to use and develop these technologies.
 Accordingly, in the field where artificial intelligence is used, a legal system that resolves issues related to artificial intelligence is essential, and through this, it will ensure safe and effective use while maximizing the benefits of artificial intelligence.