기원전 63년 룰루스(P. Servilius Rullus) 농지 법안 재고: 기원전 103년‒기원전 63년 로마 공화정 후기 농지 정책 변천사

Abstract

In contrast to the voluminous scholarship on the Gracchan agrarian reforms, the agrarian history of Roman Italy of the last century of the Roman Republic is in need of a systematic analysis. Modern discussions of the agrarian legislation after the Gracchi tend to be fragmented; it has been generally considered as a contributing factor in narratives of political struggles of the final phase of the Republic, if not treated as an epilogue to the significant Gracchan period. This paper reassesses the agrarian proposal of P. Servilius Rullus in 63 BC, primarily in the context of the Roman agrarian policy after the Gracchi, rather than seeing it from the perspective of Roman politics at that time. This paper examines the way in which Rullus’ proposal reflects provisions of earlier measures and attempts to contribute to a better understanding of the innovations of Rullus’ proposal. The provision of the purchase of land for re-distribution with public funds in Rullus’ proposal was first introduced in Saturninus’ agrarian law in 100 BC, which then seems to have been adopted in Plotius’ agrarian law in 70/69 BC. Rullus also revived Livius Drusus’ colonial foundations in Italy in 91 BC, rejecting, however, Sulla’s coercive measures in 82 BC. This paper concludes by suggesting that Rullus’ agrarian proposal was in the tradition of the Gracchan agrarian reforms, which was continued by Flavius in 60 BC and Caesar in 59 BC.