Данные о распределении патологической ретинальной жидкости у пациентов с неоваскулярной возрастной макулярной дегенерацией, получавших антиангиогенную терапию в течение 5 лет в условиях реальной клинической практики

Abstract

Purpose. To analyze the distribution of pathological retinal fluids according to optical coherence tomography (OCT) over time in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who received anti-angiogenic therapy for 5 years. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of OCT data of patients treated with anti-VEGF therapy (ranibizumab, aflibercept) in the 3+PRN regimen was performed. The study group consisted of 24 patients (79.2 % women, mean age 70.5 years). Results. Best corrected visual acuity increased from the initial 0.31 0.42 0.52 to 0.40 0.50 0.60 (p = 0.00028) by the 60th month. Central retinal thickness decreased from initial 304.0 343.4 382.7 µm to 190.6 209.8 229.1 µm (p < 0.00001). Significant correlation indicators according to Spearman (p < 0.05) were established in relation to an increase in the proportion of patients who had a «dry» retina and cases of subretinal fluid (SRF) resolution. Using the method of proportions, a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the proportion of patients without pathological fluid was determined, as well as a decrease in the percentage of patients with SRF and sub-retinal pigment epithelium fluid, which were achieved in the first year of therapy and maintained until the end of the study, as well as a decrease in the proportion of patients with intraretinal fluid, which achieved a statistical significance (p < 0.05) by the 60th month. Conclusion. One of the indicators confirming the high efficiency of long-term (60 months) anti-VEGF therapy for nAMD was a decrease in the proportion of patients with all compartments of the pathological retinal fluid. Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, anti-VEGF therapy, optical coherence tomography, retinal fluid, biomarkers