情報環境に関する研究 : 第 4 報サインの冗長さの定量化

Abstract

Signs around underground paths, etc. are generally designed and located in overabundance, so especially the emergency signs such as "EMERGENCY EXIT" are in excess. Nevertheless there are few answers for this kind of problem from the architectural planning point of of view. In the previous report, through the indoor experiment, basic visual reactions were investigated and several basic results were reported. In this paper, based on these results, the measures for estimating sign planning in the architectural scenes are going to be introduced by investigating the trend of visual searching of signs. So the experiments for visual searching of signs were carried out in the actural underground environment where many variable factors such as spacial volume, several human behaviors, noise, etc., exist. First of all visual processing time was investigated which is one of the measures representing human behavior which is only possible by obtaining many kinds of visual information, and so physical factors explaining visual processing time were picked up and analysed. They are the sign's subtended angle, angle between horizontal line of sight to the center of environmental scene and they are acceptable physical factors for the singular target. With these factors the model of processing time for a singular target was introduced. Then the plural targets were analysed. In the plural target's case, there are plural signs to be searched, so each sign has each processing time calculated by the model of singular target, and processing time for plural targets takes a minimum amount of processing time calculated for each target. So mean of processing time can be determined by using combined graphs based on the model of processing time of singular target. That is, mean of processing time is the area whithin the line which takes a minimum of processing time for each sign. The combined graph is quite useful for simple judgement of the effectiveness of sign positioning. Also by investigating the relation between mean of processing time and the subtended angle which differs according to the numbers of signs and the sign positioning, redundancy of signs around one specific point can be known. As a result of this analysis, processing time was found not necassarilly to be shortened even if the numbers of signs were in excess.