일본 4세대 공공미술관의 건축계획 특징에 관한 연구 - 도시공간과의 연계성 분석을 중심으로 -

Abstract

Along with changes in society and culture, art museums in Japan have also changed. In the 21st century, it was built as an open art museum in an urban space, and it tends to become a place of community in close contact with the daily space of the local area. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the architectural plan by focusing on the characteristics as an open art museum of public art museums in Japan. For the analysis, the approach and entrance, public space, convenience space, and exhibition space are analyzed for 14 public art museums built after 2001. The analysis results are as follows. First, many public art museums are being built in urban spaces outside of places such as suburban temples, and it is important to plan various approaches and multiple entrances corresponding to the approaches in order to provide easy access in complex urban spaces. Second, the public space is not a space as a moving space that simply connects functional spaces, but a major space that connects the urban space and the space of the art museum and displays the creative activities inside the art museum to the outside, attracting visitors and enhancing the publicness. As such, it is an important factor as the characteristics of the art museum are determined according to the layout of the public space and how to plan the boundary with the city. Third, a convenient space such as a restaurant should be a space that has its own charm rather than a simple resting space in an art museum. Fourth, the open form of the exhibition space changes from a passive form of opening in the 2000s to an active form of opening after 2008. The opening of the exhibition space not only stimulates the local residents to experience art and induces future visits, but also plays an important role as a public cultural facility that gives artistic elements to the urban space.