近代にみられる建築の概念における機械のアナロジー : 建築におけるアナロジーに関する研究 その3

Abstract

This paper treats mechanical analogies in the concept of architecture for the purpose of making clear the variety and the character. In this paper, mechanical analogies, which are seen in the period from the middle of the 19th century till the First World War, are gathered among remarks or enunciations of Horatio Greenough, James Fergusson, Viollet-le-Duc, William R. Lethaby, and the Futurism. All of the writers use the mechanical analogy, but their ideal architectures which are admired by using the analogy are different ; Greenough admires the Greek architecture and dislikes the Gothic architecture, while Fergusson, Duc, and Lethaby admire the Gothic architecture, on the other hand the Futurism never makes reference to the past architecture and asserts discontinuity from the past. From mechanical analogies of this period, 'parallelism' and 'innovation' are able to be abstracted as grounds of the analogy, and 'fitness', 'advancement', 'morality', 'beauty', and 'symbolism' are also able to be abstracted as aspects of machine which is regarded as a model of architecture. Above all, 'morality' and 'beauty' are especially emphasized in the mechanical analogies in the concept of architecture though they have little to do with the attribute of machine in itself. This means that 'morality' and 'beauty' are not drawn from the attribute of machine but are detected in the machine through the eye which intends to see architecture. This also shows that thinking or inference in the analogy is not always advanced only from machine to architecture but is advanced heuristically to the both sides.