Abstract

본 연구는 답리작에서 양질의 조사료를 최대한 생산하기 위한 적정 사료작물을 선발하고자 경남 밀양 영남농업연구소에서 보리(5품종), 밀(2), 호밀(3), 이탈리안 라이그라스(IRG, 3) 등 4작목 13품종을 공시하여 <TEX>$1999{\sim}2001$</TEX>년까지 3년간 생육단계별로 생육특성, 수량 및 사료가치를 조사하였다. 보리의 출수기는 4월 <TEX>$20{\sim}24$</TEX>일, 유숙기는 5월 <TEX>$9{\sim}10$</TEX>일, 황숙기는 5월 <TEX>$21{\sim}24$</TEX>일이었다. 유숙기<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>황숙기 기준 건물수량은 ha당 <TEX>$7.89{\sim}9.66$</TEX>톤이었으며, 평균 ADF는 29.7%, NDF는 56.3%였고, 5품종 중 알보리와 내한쌀보리가 가장 우수하였다. 밀은 보리에 비해 출수 및 성숙기가 1주일 가까이 늦었으나 수량성이 높고 사료가치가 우수하며(평균 ADF 29.2%, NDF 54.8%), 유숙기<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>황숙기 기준 건물수량은 <TEX>$9.13{\sim}10.38$</TEX>톤이었다. 호밀은 출수기가 4월 <TEX>$20{\sim}24$</TEX>일이었으며, 초장이 148cm 정도로 개화 이후 도복이 심하였고, 개화기 건물수량은 13.64톤, 사료가치는 평균 ADF 35.0%, NDF 59.9%로 가장 낮았다. 중만생 IRG는 답리작용으로 권장하기 어려웠으나 조생 IRG는 5월 2일 출수로 개화기 전후(5월 13일경)수확이 유리하고, 이 때 건물수량은 5.51톤이었다. 본 시험에서 벼 이앙시기, 건물생산성, 출수기, 사료가치, 도복 등을 종합고려한 유망작목은 보리, 호밀, 조생 다수성 IRG, 밀로 추정된다. 5월 중순 벼 이앙시 적정 사료작물은 5월 상순에 수확이 가능한 호밀, 5월 하순 벼 이앙시에는 5월 중순 수확이 가능한 보리(알보리, 내한쌀보리)와 조생 다수성 IRG, 6월 상순으로 벼 이앙시기가 늦을 경우에는 5월 하순 수확이 가능하면서 생산성과 사료가치가 높은 밀이 권장되었다. This study was carried out to select the promising forage crops fer forage production in paddy field of YARI, RDA, Milyang from 1999 to 2001. The species of forage crop used in this experiment were barley(5 varieties), wheat(2), rye(3) and Italian ryegrass(IRG, 3). Stages of heading, milk and yellow ripe of barley were <TEX>$20{\sim}24$</TEX> April, <TEX>$6{\sim}10$</TEX> May and <TEX>$21{\sim}24$</TEX> May, respectively. In milk to yellow ripe stage, dry matter(DM) yield of barley was <TEX>$7.89{\sim}9.66$</TEX> MT per ha, and averaged ADF and NDF contents were <TEX>$26.9{\sim}33.3%\;and\;53.1{\sim}59.2%$</TEX>, respectively. Albori and Naehanssalbori were the most promising varieties among the barley. The growth of wheat was a little late compared to that of barley, but it seemed to be crop having higher forage yield and nutritive value. In milk to yellow stage, DM yield of wheat was <TEX>$9.13{\sim}10.38$</TEX> MT per ha, and nutritive value of wheat was very good(ADF <TEX>$25.9{\sim}31.7%$</TEX> and NDF <TEX>$53.3{\sim}55.8%$</TEX>). Heading stage of rye was <TEX>$20{\sim}24$</TEX> April, and it seemed to be suitable far harvest at heading to flowering stage because of heavy lodging after flowering. In flowering stage, DM yield of rye was 13.64 MT per ha, and nutritive value of rye was the lowest among 4 species(ADF <TEX>$33.1{\sim}38.0%$</TEX> and NDF <TEX>$56.4{\sim}65.0%$</TEX>). Heading stage of early maturing IRG was 2 May and it seemed to be suitable for harvest at flowering stage of middle May in cropping system. In flowering stage, DM yield of early type IRG was 5.51 MT per ha, and averaged ADF and NDF contents were <TEX>$30.1{\sim}34.7%\;and\;59.7{\sim}60.5%$</TEX>, respectively. The results demonstrated that the promising forage crops far forage production in paddy field were rye, barley, early maturing IRG and wheat in Yeongnam region. In Southern region, rye harvesting at early May was recommended when considered middle May of rice transplanting period, and barley(Albori and Naehanssalbori) and early maturing IRG harvesting at middle May were recommended when considered late May of rice planting period. And also, wheat with high nutritive value and possibility for harvesting at late May were recommended in case of transplanting period at early June.

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