Аналіз показників змагальної діяльності дзюдоїстів легких вагових категорій під час чемпіонату світу серед дорослих 2021 року

Abstract

Purpose: to analyze the indicators of the competitive activity of judokas in light weight categories during the World Championship among adults in 2021. Material and methods. During the work, the following research methods were used: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; timing; analysis of protocols and video recordings of fights of highly qualified judokas in weight categories up to 60 and 66 kg, methods of mathematical statistics. 49 fights of judoists in the weight category up to 60 kg and 61 fights in the weight category up to 66 kg during the World Judo Championship among adults 2021 (Hungary, Budapest) were analyzed. Results: the analysis of the received comments of highly qualified judokas of light weight categories shows that most of the comments were received by the athletes for not wrestling (up to 60 kg – 35 %; up to 66 kg – 36 %), for avoiding capture (up to 60 kg – 21 %, up to 66 kg – 27 %), the use of false attacks (up to 60 kg – 16 %, up to 66 kg – 13 %) and for fighting in a defensive position (up to 60 kg – 4 %, up to 66 kg – 6 %). The analysis of technical actions of highly qualified judokas of light weight categories made it possible to reveal the total number of effective actions. So, in the weight category up to 60 kg, athletes performed 59 effective technical actions, including 48 (81 %) in a standing position and 11 (19 %) in a parterre and lying position. Moreover, in the stand, 36 (75 %) actions were assessed by the judges for «Vasari», and 12 (25 %) for «Ippon». In the parterre and lying position - 3 (27 %) for «Vasari», 8 (73 %) for «Ippon». In the weight category up to 66 kg, athletes performed 57 effective technical actions, including 50 (87 %) in a standing position and 7 (13%) in a parterre and lying position. 38 (76 %) actions in a standing position were assessed by the judges for «Vasari», 12 (24 %) for «Ippon». In the parterre and lying position - 1 (14 %) for «Vasari», 6 (86 %) for «Ippon». Also, the main effective technical actions were identified, which are most often used by athletes in a standing position, a parterre position and lying down. So, for athletes in the weight category up to 60 kg, these are: throw over the back from their knees (19 %), grab (11 %), grab from the inside (11 %), unbalance by pushing back (11 %), elbow lever (46 %), hold on top (36 %), hold across (18 %). In the weight category up to 66 kg, the most often performed such effective technical actions were pick-up from the inside (14 %), unbalance with a push back (12 %), throw over the back from the knees, through the chest with a deflection (8 %), hold across, hold from the side heads (29 %). Conclusions. It has been established that athletes of light weight categories in most cases conduct reconnaissance battles, use defensive positions, false attacks in order to catch an opponent on a mistake. When conducting fights in this manner, they most often receive comments on not fighting, avoiding capture, using false attacks and for fighting in a defensive position. It was revealed that the struggle of athletes of light weight categories mainly takes place in the standing position. Technical actions in the parterre position and lying are more effective. Sportsmen of two weight categories used the following technical actions in a standing position more: throws over the back (from the knees, grabbing an arm on the shoulder), grabs, holds, unbalance by pushing back. In the parterre position and lying position, athletes of two weight categories used different types of holdings and the elbow lever more. Keywords: judo, athletes, competitive activity, indicators, highly qualified, light weight categories.