Висвітлення М. Грушевським козацької політики Варшави у першій половині 20-х рр. XVII ст. у праці «Історія України-Руси»

Abstract

Th e purpose of the article is to clarify the views of M. Hrushevskyi on the essence and peculiarities of the Cossack policy of the ruling elite of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the fi rst half of the 1620s. Methodological principles are based on the application of theoretical principles of historical knowledge (objectivity, historicism, comprehensiveness and systematicity) and specifi c historical methods (problematic-chronological, historical-genetic, synchronous, diachronic and systemic analysis) of research. In such a formulation, the specifi ed problem was not studied, which is why its scientifi c novelty is determined. Conclusions. It has been found that the scientifi c potential of M. Hrushevskyi’s work “History of Ukraine-Rus”, in parti cular the 8th chapter of the 7th volume, in the study of the Cossack policy of Warsaw aft er Khotyn is extremely valuable: fi rstly, the scientist reconstructed the essence of the Cossacks for the fi rst time in historiography the politics of Warsaw and the peculiarities of its conduct in the fi rst half of the 20s of the 17th century, and, secondly, the source material used by him has a powerful informational potential for studying the policy of the Polish elite in solving the Cossack problem. On the basis of his analysis, the distinguished historian drew a conclusion that is con- fi rmed by modern historiography, namely: the Polish political elite completely ignored the out- standing role of the Zaporizhzhya Army in the successful completion of the Khotyn campaign for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and therefore tried anything, including a force scenario, to keep it in the status of “obedient subjects”. Th is short-sightedness hid a real danger of aggrava- tion of social and national-religious contradictions in Polish society, as was clearly manifested in the uprisings of the 1630s.