소년사건에서의 이른바 역송(逆送)에 따른 절차의 존재방식 - 일본 ｢소년법｣ 제20조 제2항의 해석론을 참고로 하여 -

Abstract

In Japan, the Family Court holds jurisdiction over all delinquent juveniles, which differs from juvenile justice system of Korea. However, there are many similarities to the Korean system, in regards to the principle of delinquency control and the characteristics of juvenile protection proceedings. In Japan, the ferocity of juvenile crimes has been seriously recognized, and there has been a discussion about the age of juveniles subject to the juvenile law. For Korea, which shares the problems of juvenile crime, it is useful to take a look at the reality of Japan''s juvenile justice system and the challenges it faces, in order to suggest the direction of future policy. In Korea, discussions about juvenile justice policy that expands the application of criminal punishment as a reaction to a series of heinous juvenile crimes or violent juvenile crimes has been supported by the public and the media. Examining the discussion in Japan regarding the method and procedure of the decision to referral (remitment) to a prosecutor (Article 20 of Japan’s Juvenile Act), and the methods of holding criminal trials of juveniles after a remitment-to-prosecutor, it can be seen that much valuable consideration has been constantly presented to carry out the fundamental ideal and basic framework concerning juvenile justice by ensuring appropriate procedures (‘due process’) for juveniles and promoting the healthy growth and development of juveniles. This point is considered to be significant in determining the direction of rational problem-solving in relation to the phenomenon of juvenile crime that we are facing in Korea.