Abstract
The purpose of this study is to consider the principles of space formation in the houses, villages and cities, focusing on the cosmology that decide physical arrangement. We selected Cakranegara city in Lombok island, Indonesia, as a case study. Cakranegara was built as a colonial city of Karanngasem Kingdom in Bali in 18th century. We guess Cakranegara was constructed based on the idea of Bali Hindu City. This study clarifies the space organization of the city by discussing streets pattern, land division, formation of living quarter, distribution of temples, community organization, distribution of the cast and etc. Pura Meru, the central biggest and impressive Hindu temple, dedicated to Brahumana, Vishunu and Siva, was built in 1720 by the king of Karangasem, Agung Made Ngurah, to unite all the Balinese small kingdoms in Lombok. Enclosing three towers, there stand 33 small shrines. The name of each small shrine is derived from the name of karang (neighborhood unit) which has been maintaining the building. We can consider that the distribution of temples (puras) show the original area of the city. This paper clarified the distribution of these karangs and area planned in the beginning of the construction of Cakranegara.
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