К проблеме трудоустройства бывших офицеров армии Российской империи в РСФСР в 1918 – начале 1920-х гг. (на материалах Тамбовской губернии)

Abstract

The establishment of the power of the Bolsheviks entailed the problem of social adaptation to the new political and socio-economic realities, first of all, representatives of the former privileged groups of the population, including former officers. An important component of this process was their work for the Soviet government. In Russian historiography, the issues of using former officers (military experts) on the fronts of the Civil War have been studied in sufficient detail. At the same time, there aren’t many studies that inspect the activities of this professional group of the population in rear military institutions and in the civil service. The study of this aspect makes it possible to significantly supplement the ideas about the position of the former officers in Soviet Russia. The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure of occupations of former officers of the Imperial Russian army on the territory of the Tambov province in the early years of Soviet power. The features of the civil and military service of former officers, areas of employment, the attitude of the party and state bodies of the new government, employers towards them are studied. The conclusion is formulated about the ambiguity of the process of integration of former officers of the Russian Imperial Army into the new Soviet society. In the early years, especially during the Civil War and intervention, the new government recruited former tsarist officers into the ranks of the Red Army, using their professional knowledge and combat experience, while continuing, meanwhile, to consider them “class aliens”.