Деструкция здоровья участников военных действий под влиянием «долгой войны» 1914-1922 гг.

Abstract

The article examines the factors, which negatively influenced combatants’ physical and psychic health (vitality) during the First World War and the Civil War, the emphasis is made on the military men’s physical health. Provided statistical data are mainly acquired when analysing archival sources and have not been previously published. Epidemiology of typhus, syphilis, alcoholism, drug addiction is described; the military men’s personal health (including chronic diseases) is examined relying on medical data on the Red Army and the White Army officers, in particular, political department officers of the 8th and 9th Red Army regiments. The paper shows degradation of the combatants’ medical support systems in 1914-1922, describes long-term consequences of injuries and stresses. The authors doubt reliability of recent statistical data on syphilis incidence among the military men emphasizing the fact that available data were merely copied from reports of physicians-liberals of the beginning of the XX century. The researchers conclude on the lack of statistical analysis concerning the spread of infectious diseases, alcoholism and drug addiction among the military men.