Abstract
Seeds of Australian solanaceae plant, Duboisia myoporoides R. BR., containinig a large amount of tropine-type alkaloids, were imported and examinations were made on the growth in Japan, determination of components such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine, antispasmodic effect, and toxicity.Fresh seeds imported from Australia in 1961 showed germination rate of 26.5% in an average, at room temperature. Open-air growth of seedlings was generally good in southern Izu peninsula and the growth seemed to be especially good in shaded place, protected from wind and not too dry. These results showed that the plant will be able to bear the winter weather in Japan.Amount of total alkaloid was 1.13% in winter and 1.53% in summer, while that of hyoscyamine was 11% and 15%, and that of scopolamine was 25% and 22%, respectively in winter and summer. Antispasmodic effect of the extract was due mainly to the alkaloids contained in it and the effect of the alkaloid was represented almost completely by the above two alkaloids.Toxicity was very strong and the acute toxicity (LD50) of the extract was of the same order of atropine while that of total crude alkaloid was about 1/10 of it.These experimental results showed that the cultivation of Duboisia myoporoides is possible and it would be the best of cultivate an individual with high content of total alkaloid and of hyoscyamine.
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