Abstract
The paper considers the modern network of protected natural areas in the Perm region. The study determines the current status of the network and the priorities of its geographical formation; investigates representation of six natural areas in the network; identifies the role of protected areas in biodiversity conservation. Based on the regional method, the degree of the protected areas natural environment degradation has been established. The network of protected areas consists of 361 objects of federal, regional and local significance. The total area reaches 10.7% of the Perm region‘s territory. The main component of the network is represented by 257 protected areas of regional importance. In the region, 6 natural areas have been identified: middle taiga, southern taiga, mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, Kungur forest-steppe, Western Urals, Northern Urals. Theinternational level of the protected areas network development has only been achieved in the Northern Urals. The share of protected areas in the middle taiga is higher than the average Russian level; for mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, it is close to the average Russian level. The least protected are southern taiga (4.8%) and forest-steppe ecosystems (3.8%). The most disastrous is conservation of the natural environment of the Kungur forest-steppe. There is a very small number of forest-steppe areas suitable for creating full-fledged protected areas. 89 rare species of biota inhabit the protected areas. All mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates that are rare for the Perm region are covered with complete protection. Outside the network of protected areas, there are habitats of 7 species of birds, 21 species of angiosperms, 1 species of the fern-like, lycopods and lichen. On this basis, it is possible to develop territorial protection measures. The average environmental degradation of regional protected areas in the Perm region as a whole is 1.45 points. The degradation of protected areas is increasing in the series: middle taiga – Northern Urals – southern taiga – Western Urals – mixed coniferous-deciduous forests – Kungur forest-steppe.
Highlights
Рассматривается современная сеть особо охраняемых природных территорий в Пермском крае
The paper considers the modern network of protected natural areas in the Perm region
The study determines the current status of the network and the priorities of its geographical formation; investigates representation of six natural areas in the network; identifies the role of protected areas in biodiversity conservation
Summary
Рассматривается современная сеть особо охраняемых природных территорий в Пермском крае. Рассмотрен уровень представленности шести природных районов региона в сети ООПТ. По региональной методике установлена степень деградации природной среды ООПТ. Сеть ООПТ состоит из 361 объекта федерального, регионального и местного значения. Основным компонентом сети стали 257 ООПТ регионального значения. В регионе выделено 6 природных районов: Средняя тайга, Южная тайга, Хвойно-широколиственные леса, Кунгурская лесостепь, Западный Урал, Северный Урал. Сохранение природной среды Кунгурской лесостепи является существенной проблемой, поскольку осталось совсем незначительное количество лесостепных участков, пригодных для создания полноценных ООПТ. Вне сети ООПТ указываются местообитания 7 видов птиц, 21 вида покрытосеменных, по 1 виду папоротниковидных, плауновидных и лишайников. Средняя деградация природной среды региональных ООПТ в целом по Пермскому краю составляет 1,45 балла. Деградация ООПТ увеличивается в ряду: Средняя тайга – Северный Урал – Южная тайга – Западный Урал – Хвойно-широколиственные леса – Кунгурская лесостепь. Ключевыеслова : особо охраняемая природная территория, сеть, регион, управление, категория, репрезентативность, биоразнообразие, деградация, экосистема
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