국내 주요 녹비작물 논재배 적지 재설정: 1월 평균 최저기온 및 배수등급을 기준으로

Abstract

본 연구에서는 최근 12년간의 1월 평균최저기온과 배수 등급을 기준으로 남한지역 논토양에서 녹비작물 재배적지를 재설정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 헤어리베치와 트리티케일의 재배가능지대 온도는 <TEX>$-10^{\circ}C$</TEX> 이상으로 논면적은 935,993 ha이었으며, 재배안전지대는 <TEX>$-8^{\circ}C$</TEX> 이상으로 논면적은 836,214 ha였으며, 이는 전체 논 면적 966,076 ha(통계면적)의 각각 96.9 및 86.6%에 해당되었다. 2. 녹비보리의 재배가능지대 온도는 <TEX>$-8^{\circ}C$</TEX>이상이며, 재배 안전지대 온도는 <TEX>$-6^{\circ}C$</TEX>이상이며, 해당 재배면적은 각각 836,421 ha (전체 논 면적의 86.58%) 및 513,592 ha(전체 논 면적의 53.1%)였다. 3. 호밀의 재배가능 및 재배안전지대 온도는 <TEX>$-20^{\circ}C$</TEX> 이상으로 거의 대부분의 지역이 해당되었으며, 그 면적은 963,253 ha로 전체 논 면적의 99.7%에 달했다 4. 클로버의 재배가능지대 온도는 <TEX>$-6^{\circ}C$</TEX>이상이었으며, 재배 안전지대 온도는 <TEX>$-4^{\circ}C$</TEX>이상으로 해당 재배면적은 512,592 ha와 152,299 ha로 전체 논 면적의 37.3%와 15.8%로 가장 적었다. Stable production of green manure crop is one of the critical factor for successful implementation of environmental-friendly agriculture in South Korea. Most green manure crops including hairy vetch cultivated in South Korea must be passed cold winter season. This study was conducted to establishment of cultivation zones on green manure crops under paddy field in South Korea using on minimum temperature and drainage class. In order to build the spatial distribution map, hairy vetch, triticale, barley, rye, and clover as green manure crop were selected and mean of daily minimum temperature and drainage class in paddy field were considered as limiting factor for stable growth of green manure crop. And cultivation zone on green manure crops was divided into two categories; 'Availability area' and 'Safety area'. Low limit temperature on green manure crops in this study was the following. Temperature on 'Availability area' was <TEX>$-10^{\circ}C$</TEX>, <TEX>$-8^{\circ}C$</TEX>, <TEX>$-6^{\circ}C$</TEX>, and <TEX>$-20^{\circ}C$</TEX> for hairy vetch (including triticale), barley, clover, and rye respectively. And temperature on 'Safety area' was lower <TEX>$-2^{\circ}C$</TEX> compared to that of 'Availability area' exception rye which was the same degree. Rye was expected to safely cultivated the almost whole paddy field (99.71%) of South Korea. 'Safety area' among the whole paddy field for hairy vetch, barley, and clover were 86.58, 53.06, and 15.76% respectively. The spatial distribution map of green manure crops reestablished in this study could be used the policy and agricultural management for environmental-friendly agriculture using green manure crops in South Korea.