地域環境アセスメントにおける地表面熱収支理論の応用研究 : 第 1 報・地表面温度の実測研究

Abstract

The purpose of this reseach is that we study the relation between the land use and the earth surface heat budget, and apply it usefully to the regional environmental assessment. In this paper, as PART 1, we described about the observations of the earth surface temperature in summer. The relation between the land use and the surface temperature, was analyzed. 1) The distribution of the surface temperatures in the inside of the city was observed by IR-radiometer and IR-TV (AGA Thermovision 680) at the center of Tokyo on August 29-31, 1972. Consequently, the highest surface temperatures were seen near the engine of cars and the center line of the road during the daytime in the street. And in this time, the high level road was lower than the ground road. 2) The earth surface temperatures were observed 5 times in 2 days and 5 areas in Tokyo and vicinity by IR-Airborne Line Scanner (4.5〜5.5 micron Daedulus Airborne Line Scanner) on September 2〜3, 1973. At the same time, the ground truth was done at 2 areas by IR-radiometer (Barnes PRT-5, etc.). The diurnal variation, the daily range and the degree of falling of the surface temperatures were analyzed for various land uses. Consequently, the roofing tiles (Kawara roofs), concrete roofs and roads were highest in the surface temperature in the daytime. Inversely, rivers, ponds, and greens were lowest. In the evening and dawn, roads were higher than the other land uses for the heat storage of the daytime. In this time, grasses were low, but forests did not fall comparatively in the surface temperature. On the other hand, the roofing tiles falled rapidly toward evening, the concrete roofs did not fall than roofing tiles for its large heat capacity.